⑴ 鑲＄エ閫甯備簡鎵嬮噷鐨勮偂紲ㄦ庝箞鍔
鑲＄エ鎶曡祫鐨勯庨櫓鏄寰堝ぇ鐨勶紝闄や簡鑲′環涓嬭穼錛岃繕鏈夊彲鑳介亣鍒拌偂紲ㄩ甯傦紝閭ｄ箞錛岃偂紲ㄩ甯備簡鎵嬮噷鐨勮偂紲ㄦ庝箞鍔 ?涓嬭寗鎴栫噧闈㈠氨鍜屽皬緙栦竴璧瘋︾粏浜嗚В涓嬪惂!
鑲＄エ閫甯備簡鎵嬮噷鐨勮偂紲ㄦ庝箞鍔 ?
銆1銆戦甯傛暣鐞嗘湡鎶涙帀鑲＄エ
鎸佹湁閫甯傚叕鍙歌偂紲ㄧ殑鑲℃皯錛屽彲浠ュ湪閫甯傛暣鐞嗘湡鎶涘嚭鑲＄エ錛屽強鏃舵㈡崯銆傚湪閫甯傛暣鐞嗘湡錛岃繕鏄鏈夋姇璧勪漢鎰挎剰鏉ユ帴鐩樼殑錛屽洜涓烘湁鐨勯甯傚叕鍙歌繕鍙鑳介噸鏂頒笂甯傦紝涔熸湁鐨勬姇璧勪漢鏄瓚佽偂浠蜂綆錛屾潵鎶曟満鐐掍綔銆備笉鎰挎剰鎵挎媴鐩稿叧椋庨櫓鐨勶紝鎶涙帀鑲＄エ姝㈡崯灝辮屻
銆2銆戜笁鏉垮競鍦烘姏鎺夎偂紲
閫甯傛暣鐞嗘湡涔嬪悗錛岃偂紲ㄤ細榪涜屾寕鐗岃漿璁╋紝灝辨槸澶у朵織縐扮殑涓夋澘甯傚満銆備笁鏉垮競鍦轟笟緇╁ソ鐨勮偂紲ㄦ瘡鍛ㄤ氦鏄撲笁嬈(鍛ㄤ竴銆佸懆涓夈佸懆浜)錛屼笟緇╁樊鐨勬瘡鍛ㄤ氦鏄撲竴嬈(姣忓懆浜)錛屽師鎸佽偂鑲℃皯鍙浠ュ埌璇佸埜钀ヤ笟閮ㄥ姙鐞嗘墭綆℃墜緇錛屽埌涓夋澘甯傚満浜ゆ槗鑲＄エ銆
銆3銆戝叕鍙哥牬浜ц祫浜ф竻綆
濡傛灉涓婂競鍏鍙哥牬浜т簡錛屽叕鍙哥殑璧勪駭灝嗚繘琛屾竻綆椼傝繕瀹屽哄姟濡傛灉榪樻湁鍓╀綑璧勪駭錛岃偂姘戝彲浠ュ垎寰椾竴浠;濡傛灉璧勪笉鎶靛猴紝鑲℃皯鍙鑳戒細閬閬囦簭鎹熴
鑲＄エ閫甯備簡閽辮繕鏈夊悧?
涓鑸鎯呭喌鐨勯甯傦紝鎶曡祫鑰呯殑閽辮繕鏄鏈夌殑銆傚叕鍙哥『璁よ閫甯傦紝浼氳繘鍏30涓閫甯備氦鍥㈢毊鏄撴暣鐞嗘湡銆傝繖涓闃舵墊槸閫甯傜殑鏈鍚庨樁孌碉紝鑲℃皯鍙浠ラ夋嫨鎶涘敭鎵嬩腑鐨勮偂紲ㄦ潵濂楃幇錛屾垨鑰呮槸緇х畫鎸佹湁銆傜戶緇鎸佹湁錛岄甯傜殑鑲＄エ浼氳繘鍏ュ満澶栦氦鏄撱傚満澶栦氦鏄撳満鎵鏄涓夋澘甯傚満錛岃偂姘戦渶瑕佸紑璁捐漿璁╄處鎴鳳紝鑾峰緱涓夋澘甯傚満鐨勪拱鍗栬祫鏍箋
浠ヤ笂灝辨槸鏈夊叧鑲＄エ閫甯備簡鎵嬮噷鐨勮偂紲ㄦ庝箞鍔炵殑鐩擱ⅳ鉶氬叧鐭ヨ瘑浠嬬粛錛屽笇鏈涗笂鏂囪兘澶熷逛綘鏈夋墍甯鍔╋紝鎰熻阿闃呰匯
⑵ 濡傛灉鑲＄エ閫甯備簡鎵嬮噷鑲＄エ鎬庝箞鍔
1銆佸叕鍙稿瓨緇錛屾暎鎴蜂韓鏈夊師鏉ュ悓鏍風殑鏉冨埄鍜屼箟鍔★紝緇х畫浠ヨ繖浜涜偂紲ㄤ負鍑璇侊紝鑾峰緱鍒嗙孩銆
2銆佸叕鍙哥牬浜э紝鍏鍙哥殑璧勪駭灝嗚繘琛屾竻綆楋紝娓呯畻涔嬪悗鐨勫墿浣欒祫浜э紝灝嗘寜鎸佽偂姣斾緥鍒嗛厤緇欐暎鎴楓
3銆佷笂甯傚叕鍙擱甯傚悗鍘熷湪浜ゆ槗鎵嫻侀氱殑鑲′喚灝嗙敱涓瀹跺叿澶囦唬鍔炶偂浠借漿璁╀笟鍔¤祫鏍肩殑璇佸埜鍏鍙鎬唬鍔炶漿璁╋紝騫跺湪45涓宸ヤ綔鏃ヤ箣鍐呰繘鍏ヤ唬鍔炶偂浠借漿璁╃郴緇熶氦鏄撱
4銆佷笂甯傚叕鍙擱甯傚悗鑲′笢蹇呴』鍏堝紑絝嬭偂浠借漿璁╄處鎴鳳紝騫跺姙鐞嗚偂浠界『鏉冧笌杞鎵樼℃墜緇錛屼釜浜鴻偂涓滃紑絝嬭偂浠借漿璁╁笎鎴鋒椂搴旀惡甯﹁韓浠借瘉銆
5銆佷笂甯傚叕鍙擱甯傚悗鍦ㄤ唬鍔炶偂浠借漿璁╃郴緇熸寕鐗屼箣鍓嶏紝鑲′笢搴斿敖蹇鍔炵悊鑲′喚紜鏉冧笌杞鎵樼℃墜緇錛屽惁鍒欐湁鍙鑳芥棤娉曡刀涓婂湪璇ュ叕鍙哥涓涓浜ゆ槗鏃ヨ繘琛屼氦鏄撱
6銆侀甯傚叕鍙告寕鐗屼箣鍚庯紝鑲′笢鍙浠ョ戶緇鍔炵悊鑲′喚紜鏉冧笌杞鎵樼℃墜緇錛屼絾鍏惰偂浠介渶瑕佺粡榪囦袱涓浜ゆ槗鏃ヤ箣鍚庢柟鍙杞璁╋紙鍗充笁鏉誇氦鏄擄級銆
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鎵╁睍璧勬枡錛
閫甯傛槸涓婂競鍏鍙哥敱浜庢湭婊¤凍浜ゆ槗鎵鏈夊叧璐㈠姟絳夊叾浠栦笂甯傛爣鍑嗚屼富鍔ㄦ垨琚鍔ㄧ粓姝涓婂競鐨勬儏褰錛屽嵆鐢變竴瀹朵笂甯傚叕鍙稿彉涓洪潪涓婂競鍏鍙搞傞甯傚彲鍒嗕富鍔ㄦч甯傚拰琚鍔ㄦч甯傦紝騫舵湁澶嶆潅鐨勯甯傜殑紼嬪簭銆
璇佸埜甯傚満鎸夎瘉鍒歌繘鍏ュ競鍦虹殑欏哄簭鍙浠ュ垎涓哄彂琛屽競鍦哄拰浜ゆ槗甯傚満銆傚彂琛屽競鍦哄張縐頒竴綰у競鍦猴紝浜ゆ槗甯傚満涔熺О涓轟簩綰у競鍦恆傝繖鍚屼富鏉垮競鍦恆佷簩鏉垮競鍦猴紝浠ュ強涓夋澘甯傚満瀹屽叏涓嶆槸涓涓姒傚康銆備笁鏉垮競鍦虹殑鍏ㄧО鏄鈥滀唬鍔炶偂浠借漿璁╃郴緇熲濓紝浜2001騫7鏈16鏃ユｅ紡寮鍔炪
涓夋澘甯傚満浜2001騫7鏈16鏃ユｅ紡寮鍔炪傞栨壒鎸傜墝浜ゆ槗鐨勫叕鍙稿寘鎷澶ц嚜鐒躲侀暱鐧姐佹竻榪滃緩鍖椼佹搗鍥藉疄銆佷含涓鍏村拰鍗庡嚡錛屽叏閮ㄦ槸鍘烴ET銆丼TAQ甯傚満鐨勬寕鐗屼紒涓氥
STAQ鍜孨ET鏄涓や釜娉曚漢鑲℃祦閫氬競鍦猴紝1992騫村埌1993騫翠負瑙ｅ喅鑲′喚鍏鍙告硶浜鴻偂鐨勮漿璁╅棶棰橈紝鍦ㄥ浗鍔￠櫌浣撴敼濮旈嗗間笅錛岀敱涓鍥借瘉鍒稿競鍦虹爺絀惰捐′腑蹇冿紙鑱斿姙錛夊拰涓鍥戒漢姘戦摱琛岀壍澶村垎鍒鎴愮珛鐨勩
浣嗙敱浜庣洃綆″姏搴︿笉瓚沖拰鍏朵粬鏂歸潰鐨勫師鍥狅紝涓婂競浜ゆ槗鐨勪紒涓氬彧鏈17瀹躲傝屽師鏈闈㈠悜娉曚漢鎶曡祫鑰呯殑甯傚満錛屾祦閫氳偂浠90%琚鑷鐒朵漢鎵鎸佹湁銆1999騫9鏈9鏃ュ湪鍥藉舵不鐞嗘暣欏垮満澶栦氦鏄撶殑鑳屾櫙涓婼TAQ鍜孨ET甯傚満琚鍋滄浜ゆ槗錛屽ぇ閲忚祫閲戣濂楀叾涓銆
鐩村埌2001騫翠笁鏉垮紑璁撅紝榪欎簺鑲′喚鎵嶉噸鏂板緱浠ヤ氦鏄撱傚彲瑙侊紝瑙ｅ喅鍘嗗彶閬楃暀闂棰樻槸涓夋澘甯傚満鍒涘緩浼婂嬫墍鎵挎媴鐨勯噸瑕佷換鍔°
鑰屼笁鏉垮紑璁劇殑鍙︿竴涓鐩鐨勬槸鎵挎帴涓繪澘鐨勯甯傝偂紲錛屽湪鐗瑰畾鐨勬椂鏈熻搗鍒板寲瑙ｉ甯傞庨櫓鐨勪綔鐢錛屽苟紲㈣ˉ璇佸埜甯傚満鐨勭粨鏋勬х己闄楓
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⑶ 鑲＄エ閫甯備簡鎵嬮噷鐨勮偂紲ㄦ庝箞鍔
閫甯傝偂紲ㄤ唬琛ㄧ潃閫鍑轟簡2綰т氦鏄撲腑蹇冿紝娌℃湁鍦ㄤ富鏉垮競鍦哄彂鍞銆傛柊閫甯傝偂紲ㄨ勫畾鍑哄彴鍚庯紝閫甯傝偂紲ㄦ爣鍑嗘湁鍥涚嶏細浜ゆ槗綾.璐㈠姟綾.瑙勮寖綾.閲嶅ぇ闈炴硶閫甯傝偂紲ㄣ傞甯傝偂紲ㄥ墠錛屼笂甯備紒涓氫細鎻愭棭鍙戝竷娑堟伅錛岄氬父鍦ㄩ甯傝偂紲ㄥ墠涓涓や釜鏈堜究浼氭敹鍒伴氱煡銆
鑲＄エ閫甯備簡鎵嬮噷鐨勮偂紲ㄦ庝箞鍔烇紵
1.鍋囧備笂甯備紒涓氱Н鏋侀甯傝偂紲錛屼笂甯備紒涓氳繍钀ュ眾婊★紝鍏鍙歌偂涓滄帹榪燂紱鍥犱負鍚堝湪涓璧鋒垨鍏鍙稿垎絝嬶紝浼佷笟鐜伴樁孌靛繀欏繪暎浼.浼佷笟闈涓寸潃鍊掗棴.渚濇嵁甯傚満鐨勯渶奼傝皟鑺傛垨閲嶆柊甯冨矓錛屽彲鐢寵烽甯傝偂紲ㄣ
2.涓婂競浼佷笟澶勪簬琚鍔ㄩ甯傝偂紲錛岃繖浠ｈ〃鐫鑲＄エ閫甯傚苟涓嶆槸浼佷笟鑷宸辨兂瑕佺殑銆傚亣濡備紒涓氭湁閲嶅ぇ榪濆弽娉曞緥娉曡勭殑琛屼負錛屾垨鑰呭洜涓轟紒涓氬簲璇ユ槸綆＄悊涓嶅杽鐨勯噸澶ч庨櫓錛屽皢琚閫甯傘傞櫎姝や箣澶栵紝褰撲紒涓氭寔緇3騫翠簭鏈鏃訛紝涓鑲″凡琚鎾ゅ紛嬋鍞閿*st錛屼紒涓氫篃鏄鏈夐甯傝偂紲ㄧ殑椋庨櫓錛屽叕鍙歌偂涓滃湪璐涔拌偂紲ㄦ椂涔熻侀伩闆鳳紝灝介噺涓嶈佺扮熷煿榪欑被鑲＄エ銆
閫甯傝偂紲ㄤ簡鏈夊彲鑳芥仮澶嶄笂甯傚悧錛
鍙瑕佹槸絎﹀悎涓婅堪鍥涗釜鏉′歡鐨勪紒涓氳兘澶熺湡姝ｆ仮澶嶆仮澶嶄笂甯傘傚苟闈炴墍鏈変笂甯備紒涓氶兘鎯沖彂鍞錛岃偂紲ㄥ競鍦轟篃鏄鏈夎偂紲ㄥ競鍦鴻勫垯銆
鍋囧傛槸鍒鐨勯甯傝偂紲錛屽彧瑕佹槸閫甯傝偂紲錛屽氨涓嶅彲浠ユ仮澶嶄笂甯傘備氦鏄撲腑蹇冨苟娌℃湁紜絝嬭︾粏浠嬬粛鍒鐨勯甯傝偂紲ㄨ勫畾錛屼絾榪欏苟闈炰唬琛ㄧ潃浠栦滑涓嶄細鏈夈傚湪鐐掕偂紲ㄧ殑騫蟲椂閾呯炴儏鍐典笅錛屾垜浠瑕佸綋蹇冨ぇ瀹舵寔鑲＄殑涓鑲℃槸涓嶆槸鏈夐甯傝偂紲ㄧ殑椋庨櫓錛屽挨鍏舵槸涓鑲℃槸涓嶆槸宸茬粡鎶曟斁*st涔嬪悗錛岄甯傝偂紲ㄧ殑椋庨櫓寰堝ぇ銆