⑴ 鎴戝浗锘洪噾鍏鍙告帓琛屾
甯傞溃涓婄殑镓链夊熀閲戜骇鍝侀兘鏄锘洪噾鍏鍙稿彂琛岀殑銆傚熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑瀹炲姏锛屼细闂存帴褰卞搷锘洪噾浜у搧镄勬敹鐩娿备互涓嫔氨鏄锲藉唴鍗佸ぇ锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴鎺掑悕鏄镙规嵁锘洪噾镐昏勬ā鎺掑簭锛
涓銆佸ぉ寮桦熀閲戝叕鍙
澶╁紭锘洪噾镄勫疄锷涘师链涓鑸锛屼絾鏄镊浠庢惌涓娄简浣欓濆疂镄勯‘椋庤溅锛岃ュ叕鍙哥灛闂村礇璧凤纴鍏変綑棰濆疂镄勫熀閲戣勬ā灏辨湁涓涓囧氢嚎锛屼竴鍙锘洪噾镄勮勬ā瓒呰秺浜嗙粷澶у氭暟镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑锘洪噾缁煎悎銆
浜屻佹槗鏂硅揪锘洪噾鍏鍙
鏄撴柟杈炬槸姣旇缉钥佺墝镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙革纴瀹炲姏涓鐩存瘆杈冨己銆傚畠镄勬诲熀閲戣勬ā鎺掑悕绗浜屻傚氨𨰾胯揣甯佸熀閲戞潵璇达纴涔熸湁鍗冧嚎瑙勬ā锛屽睘浜庡法鍨嬭揣甯佸熀閲戙傚湪镶＄エ鍜屽哄埜鎶曡祫棰嗗烟锛屾槗鏂硅揪镄勪笟缁╀篃涓嶉敊銆傝繎鍑犲勾涓氱哗姣旇缉鐑闂ㄧ殑娑堣垂琛屼笟锘洪噾鍜屼腑灏忕洏锘洪噾锛屾槗鏂硅揪琛ㄧ幇鍗佸垎浼桦纾銆
涓夈佸崥镞跺熀閲戝叕鍙
鍗氭椂锘洪噾鍏鍙哥殑璧勪骇瑙勬ā鎺掑悕绗涓夛纴瀹冧篃鏄钥佺墝镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙革纴1998骞村氨鎴愮珛浜嗐傚崥镞剁殑锘洪噾寰埚父瑙侊纴姣斿傚崥镞堕粍閲慐TF锛岃揣甯佸熀閲戝崥镞跺悎𨱍犺揣甯併傚湪镶＄エ銆佸哄埜棰嗗烟锛屽崥镞剁殑涓氱哗涔熷緢濂斤纴缁忓父鍐掑嚭涓浜涗笟缁╁啝鍐涖
锲涖佸崡鏂瑰熀閲戝叕鍙
鍗楁柟锘洪噾鍏鍙告槸鐭ュ悕搴﹀緢楂樼殑锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴瀹冨拰鍗氭椂銆佹槗鏂硅揪涓镙凤纴灞炰簬璧勫巻钥併佸疄锷涘己镄勪竴绫伙纴缁忓父鑳芥帓鍦ㄨ屼笟鍓10钖嶃
浜斻佸伐阈剁憺淇″熀閲戝叕鍙
宸ラ摱鐟炰俊锘洪噾鍏鍙哥殑锘洪噾瑙勬ā鎺掑悕绗浜斻备粠镶′笢𨱒ョ湅锛屽伐阈剁憺淇℃湁阈惰岃儗鏅锛屼粠鑳屽悗镄勫疄锷涙潵璇达纴宸ラ摱鐟炰俊锘洪噾鍏鍙告槸镓链夊熀閲戝叕鍙镐腑链寮虹殑锛屽畠镄凲DII锘洪噾灏忕紪瑙夊缑鎸轰笉阌欍
鍏銆佸缓淇″熀閲戝叕鍙
寤轰俊锘洪噾鍏鍙哥殑锘洪噾瑙勬ā鍦5310澶氢嚎鍏冨乏鍙筹纴浣嶅垪鍏鍕熷熀閲戣屼笟绗鍏銆傚缓淇″熀閲戠殑链澶ц偂涓沧槸寤鸿鹃摱琛岋纴寤鸿鹃摱琛屾槸锲芥湁锲涘ぇ阈惰屼箣涓锛岃儗鏅瀹炲姏鏄捐屾槗瑙侊纴鍦ㄨ窡韪鎸囨暟鏂归溃锛屽缓淇″熀閲戝緢涓嶉敊銆
涓冦佹眹娣诲瘜锘洪噾鍏鍙
姹囨坊瀵岀殑锘洪噾鍦ㄧ悊璐㈤氩緢甯歌侊纴瀹幂殑璐у竵锘洪噾鏀剁泭涔熶笉阌欙纴缁忓父鍦ㄥ井淇′拱锘洪噾镄勯兘鐭ラ亾銆傛ゅ栵纴姹囨坊瀵岀殑镶＄エ锘洪噾锛屼笟缁╀篃寰埚ソ锛岀粡甯歌兘鍑轰竴浜涙垚缁╀紭绉镄勮偂绁ㄥ瀷锘洪噾鎴栨贩钖埚瀷锘洪噾銆
鍏銆佸崕澶忓熀閲戝叕鍙
鍗庡忓熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑璧勫巻闱炲父钥侊纴灞炰簬涓氩唴缁煎悎瀹炲姏闱犲墠镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙搞傝繖瀹跺叕鍙告渶镢楀悕镄勫熀閲戞槸鍗庡忓ぇ鐩樼簿阃夛纴鍦2005骞村埌2012骞村彇寰椾简12鍊岖殑锘洪噾鏀剁泭锛屽垱阃犱简镶＄エ锘洪噾镄勬渶浣充笟缁╋紒
涔濄佸槈瀹炲熀閲戝叕鍙
鍢夊疄锘洪噾鍏鍙镐篃鏄钖嶆皵姣旇缉楂樼殑锘洪噾鍏鍙镐箣涓锛屽畠涔熸槸2000骞翠箣鍓嶆垚绔嬬殑钥佺墝锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴缁煎悎瀹炲姏杈冨己銆傜洰鍓嶅槈瀹炲熀閲戝湪璐у竵锘洪噾杩欎竴鍧楀仛镄勬瘆杈冨ソ锛屾湁涓浜涗笉阌欑殑璐у竵锘洪噾銆
鍗併佸箍鍙戝熀閲戝叕鍙
骞垮彂锘洪噾鏄骞垮彂璇佸埜鎺ц偂镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙革纴鍦ㄤ笟鍐呭悕姘斾篃寰堥珮銆傚箍鍙戝熀閲戞槸鍏ㄥ浗绀句缭锘洪噾銆佸熀链鍏昏佷缭闄╁熀閲戠殑鎶曡祫绠＄悊浜轰箣涓锛屼粠杩欎竴镣瑰氨鍙浠ョ湅鍑哄畠镄勮屼笟鍦颁綅鍜屽叕鍙稿疄锷涖
甯傞溃涓婄殑镓链夊熀閲戜骇鍝侀兘鏄锘洪噾鍏鍙稿彂琛岀殑銆傚熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑瀹炲姏锛屼细闂存帴褰卞搷锘洪噾浜у搧镄勬敹鐩娿备互涓嫔氨鏄锲藉唴鍗佸ぇ锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴鎺掑悕鏄镙规嵁锘洪噾镐昏勬ā鎺掑簭锛
⑵ 涓锲藉墠鍗佸ぇ锘洪噾鍏鍙
涓锲藉墠鍗佸ぇ锘洪噾鍏鍙
甯傞溃涓婄殑璐у竵锘洪噾銆佸哄埜锘洪噾鎴栬偂绁ㄥ熀閲戯纴閮芥槸锘洪噾鍏鍙哥殑浜у搧銆傚熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑瀹炲姏锛屽奖鍝嶅熀閲戜骇鍝佺殑棰勬湡鏀剁泭銆傞偅涔堜腑锲藉疄锷涜缉寮虹殑锘洪噾鍏鍙告湁鍝浜涳纻涓銆佸ぉ寮桦熀閲戝叕鍙稿ぉ寮桦熀閲戝叕鍙告湰𨱒ユ槸锅氢笉浜嗗ご鎶娄氦妞呯殑锛屼互鍓岖殑瀹炲姏涔熸瘆杈冧竴鑸銆备笉杩囱嚜浠庝綑棰濆疂鍑烘潵涔嫔悗锛屽ぉ寮桦熀閲戝叕鍙稿氨宕涜捣浜嗐备綑棰濆疂镄勫熀閲戣勬ā链変竴涓囧氢嚎锛屼竴鍙锘洪噾镄勮勬ā灏辫秴杩囧埆瀹跺熀閲戝叕鍙告墍链夊熀閲戠殑镐诲拰锛屾墍浠ヤ粠锘洪噾瑙勬ā𨱒ョ湅锛屽ぉ寮桦熀閲戞槸鎺掔涓镄勚备簩銆佹槗鏂硅揪锘洪噾鍏鍙告槗鏂硅揪鏄钥佺墝锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴瀹炲姏涓鐩存瘆杈冨己銆傚畠镄勬诲熀閲戣勬ā鎺掑悕绗浜岋纴瀹炲姏涔熶笉鍙灏忚嗐傚氨𨰾胯揣甯佸熀閲戞潵璇达纴鏄撴柟杈炬槗鐞呜储涔熸湁鍗冧嚎瑙勬ā锛屽睘浜庡法鍨嬭揣甯佸熀閲戙傚湪镶＄エ鍜屽哄埜鎶曡祫棰嗗烟锛屾槗鏂硅揪镄勪笟缁╀篃涓嶉敊銆傚緢澶氢汉缁忓父鍦ㄥ井淇°佹敮浠桦疂涔板熀閲戯纴缁忓父鑳界湅鍒版槗鏂硅揪镄勪骇鍝侊纴杩欎竴镣逛篃鍙浠ョ湅鍑哄熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑瀹炲姏銆备笁銆佸缓淇″熀閲戝叕鍙稿缓淇″熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑锘洪噾瑙勬ā鍦6600澶氢嚎鍏冨乏鍙筹纴浣嶅垪鍏鍕熷熀閲戣屼笟绗涓夈傚缓淇″熀閲戠殑链澶ц偂涓沧槸寤鸿鹃摱琛岋纴鍗犺偂65%銆傚缓璁鹃摱琛屾槸锲芥湁锲涘ぇ阈惰屼箣涓锛岃儗鏅瀹炲姏鏄捐屾槗瑙併傚洓銆佸伐阈剁憺淇″熀閲戝叕鍙稿伐阈剁憺淇″熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑锘洪噾瑙勬ā鎺掑悕绗锲涖备粠镶′笢𨱒ョ湅锛屽伐阈剁憺淇′篃鏄阈惰岃儗鏅锛屽伐鍟嗛摱琛屾寔链80%锛屼粠鑳屾櫙瀹炲姏𨱒ヨ达纴宸ラ摱鐟炰俊锘洪噾鍏鍙告槸镓链夊熀閲戝叕鍙镐腑链寮虹殑銆备簲銆佸崥镞跺熀閲戝叕鍙稿崥镞跺熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑璧勪骇瑙勬ā鎺掑悕绗浜旓纴瀹冧篃鏄钥佺墝镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙革纴1998骞村氨鎴愮珛浜嗐傚崥镞剁殑锘洪噾澶у跺緢甯歌侊纴鏀浠桦疂灏辨湁涓鍗氭椂榛勯噾ETF锛岃揣甯佸熀閲戞湁鍗氭椂钖堟儬璐у竵锛岄勬湡鏀剁泭鐜囱缮姣旇缉楂樸傚湪镶＄エ銆佸哄埜棰嗗烟锛屽崥镞剁殑涓氱哗涔熷緢濂斤纴缁忓父鍐掑嚭涓浜涗笟缁╁啝鍐涖傚叚銆佸崡鏂瑰熀閲戝叕鍙稿崡鏂瑰熀閲戝叕鍙告槸鐭ュ悕搴﹀緢楂樼殑锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴瀹冨拰鍗氭椂銆佹槗鏂硅揪涓镙凤纴灞炰簬璧勫巻钥併佸疄锷涘己镄勪竴绫伙纴缁忓父鑳芥帓鍦ㄨ屼笟鍓10钖嶃备竷銆佹眹娣诲瘜锘洪噾鍏鍙告眹娣诲瘜镄勫熀閲戝湪鐞呜储阃氩緢甯歌侊纴瀹幂殑璐у竵锘洪噾棰勬湡鏀剁泭涔熷緢楂桡纴缁忓父鍦ㄥ井淇′拱锘洪噾镄勯兘鐭ラ亾銆傛ゅ栵纴姹囨坊瀵岀殑镶＄エ锘洪噾锛屼笟缁╀篃寰埚ソ锛岀粡甯歌兘鍑轰竴浜涙垚缁╀紭绉镄勮偂绁ㄥ瀷锘洪噾鎴栨贩钖埚瀷锘洪噾銆傚叓銆佸箍鍙戝熀閲戝叕鍙稿箍鍙戝熀閲戞槸骞垮彂璇佸埜鎺ц偂镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙革纴鍦ㄤ笟鍐呭悕姘斾篃寰堥珮銆傚箍鍙戝熀閲戞槸鍏ㄥ浗绀句缭锘洪噾銆佸熀链鍏昏佷缭闄╁熀閲戠殑鎶曡祫绠＄悊浜轰箣涓锛屼粠杩欎竴镣瑰氨鍙浠ョ湅鍑哄畠镄勮屼笟浣庝綅鍜屽叕鍙稿疄锷涖备节銆佸崕澶忓熀閲戝叕鍙稿崕澶忓熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑璧勫巻闱炲父钥侊纴灞炰簬涓氩唴缁煎悎瀹炲姏闱犲墠镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙搞傝繖瀹跺叕鍙告渶镢楀悕镄勫熀閲戞槸鍗庡忓ぇ鐩樼簿阃夛纴鍦2005骞村埌2012骞撮潬鐜嬩筜浼熷彇寰椾简12鍊岖殑锘洪噾棰勬湡鏀剁泭锛屽垱阃犱简镶＄エ锘洪噾镄勬渶浣充笟缁╋紒鍗併佸槈瀹炲熀閲戝叕鍙稿槈瀹炲熀閲戝叕鍙镐篃鏄钖嶆皵姣旇缉楂樼殑锘洪噾鍏鍙镐箣涓锛屽畠涔熸槸2000骞翠箣鍓嶆垚绔嬬殑钥佺墝锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴缁煎悎瀹炲姏杈冨己銆傜洰鍓嶅槈瀹炲熀閲戝湪璐у竵锘洪噾杩欎竴鍧楀仛镄勬瘆杈冨ソ锛屾湁涓浜涗笉阌欑殑璐у竵锘洪噾锛屾瘆濡傚槈瀹炴椿阍卞疂绛夌瓑銆备互涓婂氨鏄锲藉唴鍗佸ぇ锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴鎺掑悕鏄镙规嵁锘洪噾镐昏勬ā鎺掔殑銆傜患钖埚疄锷涗笂锛屾槗鏂硅揪銆佸崡鏂广佸崥镞躲佸伐阈剁憺淇°佸崕澶忋佸槈瀹炵浉瀵圭獊鍑轰竴浜涖
2022骞村熀閲戝叕鍙告帓琛屾滃墠鍗佸悕
甯傞溃涓婄殑璐у竵锘洪噾銆佸哄埜锘洪噾鎴栬偂绁ㄥ熀閲戯纴閮芥槸锘洪噾鍏鍙哥殑浜у搧銆傚熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑瀹炲姏锛屽奖鍝嶅熀閲戜骇鍝佺殑棰勬湡鏀剁泭銆傞偅涔堜腑锲藉疄锷涜缉寮虹殑锘洪噾鍏鍙告湁鍝浜涳纻涓銆佸ぉ寮桦熀閲戝叕鍙稿ぉ寮桦熀閲戝叕鍙告湰𨱒ユ槸锅氢笉浜嗗ご鎶娄氦妞呯殑锛屼互鍓岖殑瀹炲姏涔熸瘆杈冧竴鑸銆备笉杩囱嚜浠庝綑棰濆疂鍑烘潵涔嫔悗锛屽ぉ寮桦熀閲戝叕鍙稿氨宕涜捣浜嗐备綑棰濆疂镄勫熀閲戣勬ā链変竴涓囧氢嚎锛屼竴鍙锘洪噾镄勮勬ā灏辫秴杩囧埆瀹跺熀閲戝叕鍙告墍链夊熀閲戠殑镐诲拰锛屾墍浠ヤ粠锘洪噾瑙勬ā𨱒ョ湅锛屽ぉ寮桦熀閲戞槸鎺掔涓镄勚备簩銆佹槗鏂硅揪锘洪噾鍏鍙告槗鏂硅揪鏄钥佺墝锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴瀹炲姏涓鐩存瘆杈冨己銆傚畠镄勬诲熀閲戣勬ā鎺掑悕绗浜岋纴瀹炲姏涔熶笉鍙灏忚嗐傚氨𨰾胯揣甯佸熀閲戞潵璇达纴鏄撴柟杈炬槗鐞呜储涔熸湁鍗冧嚎瑙勬ā锛屽睘浜庡法鍨嬭揣甯佸熀閲戙傚湪镶＄エ鍜屽哄埜鎶曡祫棰嗗烟锛屾槗鏂硅揪镄勪笟缁╀篃涓嶉敊銆傚緢澶氢汉缁忓父鍦ㄥ井淇°佹敮浠桦疂涔板熀閲戯纴缁忓父鑳界湅鍒版槗鏂硅揪镄勪骇鍝侊纴杩欎竴镣逛篃鍙浠ョ湅鍑哄熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑瀹炲姏銆备笁銆佸缓淇″熀閲戝叕鍙稿缓淇″熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑锘洪噾瑙勬ā鍦6600澶氢嚎鍏冨乏鍙筹纴浣嶅垪鍏鍕熷熀閲戣屼笟绗涓夈傚缓淇″熀閲戠殑链澶ц偂涓沧槸寤鸿鹃摱琛岋纴鍗犺偂65%銆傚缓璁鹃摱琛屾槸锲芥湁锲涘ぇ阈惰屼箣涓锛岃儗鏅瀹炲姏鏄捐屾槗瑙併傚洓銆佸伐阈剁憺淇″熀閲戝叕鍙稿伐阈剁憺淇″熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑锘洪噾瑙勬ā鎺掑悕绗锲涖备粠镶′笢𨱒ョ湅锛屽伐阈剁憺淇′篃鏄阈惰岃儗鏅锛屽伐鍟嗛摱琛屾寔链80%锛屼粠鑳屾櫙瀹炲姏𨱒ヨ达纴宸ラ摱鐟炰俊锘洪噾鍏鍙告槸镓链夊熀閲戝叕鍙镐腑链寮虹殑銆备簲銆佸崥镞跺熀閲戝叕鍙稿崥镞跺熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑璧勪骇瑙勬ā鎺掑悕绗浜旓纴瀹冧篃鏄钥佺墝镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙革纴1998骞村氨鎴愮珛浜嗐傚崥镞剁殑锘洪噾澶у跺緢甯歌侊纴鏀浠桦疂灏辨湁涓鍗氭椂榛勯噾ETF锛岃揣甯佸熀閲戞湁鍗氭椂钖堟儬璐у竵锛岄勬湡鏀剁泭鐜囱缮姣旇缉楂樸傚湪镶＄エ銆佸哄埜棰嗗烟锛屽崥镞剁殑涓氱哗涔熷緢濂斤纴缁忓父鍐掑嚭涓浜涗笟缁╁啝鍐涖傚叚銆佸崡鏂瑰熀閲戝叕鍙稿崡鏂瑰熀閲戝叕鍙告槸鐭ュ悕搴﹀緢楂樼殑锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴瀹冨拰鍗氭椂銆佹槗鏂硅揪涓镙凤纴灞炰簬璧勫巻钥併佸疄锷涘己镄勪竴绫伙纴缁忓父鑳芥帓鍦ㄨ屼笟鍓10钖嶃备竷銆佹眹娣诲瘜锘洪噾鍏鍙告眹娣诲瘜镄勫熀閲戝湪鐞呜储阃氩緢甯歌侊纴瀹幂殑璐у竵锘洪噾棰勬湡鏀剁泭涔熷緢楂桡纴缁忓父鍦ㄥ井淇′拱锘洪噾镄勯兘鐭ラ亾銆傛ゅ栵纴姹囨坊瀵岀殑镶＄エ锘洪噾锛屼笟缁╀篃寰埚ソ锛岀粡甯歌兘鍑轰竴浜涙垚缁╀紭绉镄勮偂绁ㄥ瀷锘洪噾鎴栨贩钖埚瀷锘洪噾銆傚叓銆佸箍鍙戝熀閲戝叕鍙稿箍鍙戝熀閲戞槸骞垮彂璇佸埜鎺ц偂镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙革纴鍦ㄤ笟鍐呭悕姘斾篃寰堥珮銆傚箍鍙戝熀閲戞槸鍏ㄥ浗绀句缭锘洪噾銆佸熀链鍏昏佷缭闄╁熀閲戠殑鎶曡祫绠＄悊浜轰箣涓锛屼粠杩欎竴镣瑰氨鍙浠ョ湅鍑哄畠镄勮屼笟浣庝綅鍜屽叕鍙稿疄锷涖备节銆佸崕澶忓熀閲戝叕鍙稿崕澶忓熀閲戝叕鍙哥殑璧勫巻闱炲父钥侊纴灞炰簬涓氩唴缁煎悎瀹炲姏闱犲墠镄勫熀閲戝叕鍙搞傝繖瀹跺叕鍙告渶镢楀悕镄勫熀閲戞槸鍗庡忓ぇ鐩樼簿阃夛纴鍦2005骞村埌2012骞撮潬鐜嬩筜浼熷彇寰椾简12鍊岖殑锘洪噾棰勬湡鏀剁泭锛屽垱阃犱简镶＄エ锘洪噾镄勬渶浣充笟缁╋紒鍗併佸槈瀹炲熀閲戝叕鍙稿槈瀹炲熀閲戝叕鍙镐篃鏄钖嶆皵姣旇缉楂樼殑锘洪噾鍏鍙镐箣涓锛屽畠涔熸槸2000骞翠箣鍓嶆垚绔嬬殑钥佺墝锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴缁煎悎瀹炲姏杈冨己銆傜洰鍓嶅槈瀹炲熀閲戝湪璐у竵锘洪噾杩欎竴鍧楀仛镄勬瘆杈冨ソ锛屾湁涓浜涗笉阌欑殑璐у竵锘洪噾锛屾瘆濡傚槈瀹炴椿阍卞疂绛夌瓑銆备互涓婂氨鏄锲藉唴鍗佸ぇ锘洪噾鍏鍙革纴鎺掑悕鏄镙规嵁锘洪噾镐昏勬ā鎺掔殑銆傜患钖埚疄锷涗笂锛屾槗鏂硅揪銆佸崡鏂广佸崥镞躲佸伐阈剁憺淇°佸崕澶忋佸槈瀹炵浉瀵圭獊鍑轰竴浜涖
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